上傳檔案到「/」
This commit is contained in:
parent
be743e0f30
commit
6e73a790e8
388
README.md
Normal file
388
README.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,388 @@
|
||||
# MCU簡易教學
|
||||
## MCU種類
|
||||
### MCU（Microcontroller Unit），中文名為「微控制器單元」、「單晶片微電腦」。MCU 將中央處理器（CPU）、記憶體（RAM）、輸入 / 輸出介面（I/O）等等一大堆東西，全部整合在「一塊 IC」 上面。可以負責做少量、簡單的資料運算與處理。
|
||||
### 實驗室常用的MCU有:
|
||||
Arduino
|
||||
ESP32
|
||||
Raspberry Pi Pico
|
||||
### ESP32
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Raspberry Pi Pico
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 編譯器-Arduino IDE
|
||||
Arduino與ESP32都可以透過Arduino IDE進行編譯
|
||||
強烈推薦使用Arduino IDE 版本1.8的
|
||||
有人使用2.X的版本，過一星期就回歸1.8….
|
||||
若是要書寫ESP32(https://hackmd.io/@Robert/Hk1rGMsU3)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 編譯器-Thonny IDE
|
||||
ESP32與Pi Pico都可以透過Thonny IDE進行編譯
|
||||
但編譯前須先燒錄相關韌體
|
||||
ESP32燒錄
|
||||
[參考網址](https://chtseng.wordpress.com/2023/01/14/%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8thonnymicropython%E6%92%B0%E5%AF%ABesp32-cam%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F/)
|
||||
目前ESP32執行效率比 Pi Pico高，之後以ESP32為教學
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 選擇
|
||||
若以一般實驗室內部進行專案開發，根據需求選擇:
|
||||
若無網路需求，則以Arduino為主
|
||||
IOT的需求則建議使用ESP32
|
||||
控制馬達、接收資料、量測數據，這些基本的擇一使用即可
|
||||
!!!極度重要!!!
|
||||
在一般工廠使用，若訊號干擾很強的那種，一律走有線連接
|
||||
接下來會以控制馬達作為教學
|
||||
## MCU控制
|
||||
|
||||
### 馬達接線圖
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### MCU控制(WEB)
|
||||
#### ESP32寫micropython
|
||||
```
|
||||
import network
|
||||
import ure
|
||||
import usocket as socket
|
||||
import gc
|
||||
import machine
|
||||
import time
|
||||
import utime
|
||||
from machine import Pin
|
||||
import uasyncio as asyncio
|
||||
import urequests
|
||||
import ujson
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
led=Pin(2,Pin.OUT)
|
||||
out_1 = Pin(26,Pin.OUT)
|
||||
out_2 = Pin(27,Pin.OUT)
|
||||
wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
|
||||
# 連接WIFI
|
||||
def connect_to_wifi(ssid, password):
|
||||
# 固定 IP
|
||||
ip = '192.168.1.185'
|
||||
subnet = '255.255.255.0'
|
||||
gateway = '192.168.1.1'
|
||||
dns = '8.8.8.8'
|
||||
wlan.active(True)
|
||||
wlan.active(False)
|
||||
wlan.active(True)
|
||||
wlan.ifconfig((ip, subnet, gateway, dns)) # 設定參數
|
||||
wlan.connect(ssid, password)
|
||||
print('Starting to connect to WiFi')
|
||||
for i in range(20):
|
||||
print('Trying to connect to WiFi in {}s'.format(i))
|
||||
utime.sleep(1)
|
||||
if wlan.isconnected():
|
||||
break
|
||||
|
||||
if wlan.isconnected():
|
||||
led.value(1)
|
||||
time.sleep(0.5)
|
||||
led.value(0)
|
||||
time.sleep(0.5)
|
||||
led.value(1)
|
||||
time.sleep(0.5)
|
||||
led.value(0)
|
||||
print('Connected to WiFi:', ssid)
|
||||
print('WiFi connection successful!')
|
||||
print('Network configuration:', wlan.ifconfig())
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# 馬達一圈
|
||||
def motor_run(request):
|
||||
for i in range(0,200):
|
||||
out_2.value(1)
|
||||
time.sleep(0.01)
|
||||
out_2.value(0)
|
||||
time.sleep(0.01)
|
||||
return "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n"+"motor run end"
|
||||
# 馬達1/10圈
|
||||
def motor_36_run(request):
|
||||
for i in range(0,20):
|
||||
out_2.value(1)
|
||||
time.sleep(0.01)
|
||||
out_2.value(0)
|
||||
time.sleep(0.01)
|
||||
return "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n"+"motor run end"
|
||||
|
||||
# 錯誤請求
|
||||
def handleNotFound(request):
|
||||
return "HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found\r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n"+"Page not found"
|
||||
|
||||
# 主函数
|
||||
def main():
|
||||
wifi_ssid ="leo"
|
||||
wifi_password="00000000"
|
||||
# 連接WIFI
|
||||
connect_to_wifi(wifi_ssid, wifi_password)
|
||||
|
||||
# 創建網頁API
|
||||
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
|
||||
server_socket.bind(('0.0.0.0', 8080))
|
||||
server_socket.listen(1)
|
||||
print("Server is listening on port 80...")
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
out_1.value(0)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
while True:
|
||||
# 斷線重連
|
||||
if not wlan.isconnected():
|
||||
print('again')
|
||||
connect_to_wifi(wifi_ssid, wifi_password)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
client_socket, client_addr = server_socket.accept()
|
||||
print("Received connection from:", client_addr)
|
||||
request_data = client_socket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
|
||||
if request_data:
|
||||
if "GET /motor_run" in request_data:
|
||||
response_data = motor_run(request_data)
|
||||
elif "GET /motor_36_run" in request_data:
|
||||
response_data = motor_36_run(request_data)
|
||||
else:
|
||||
response_data = handleNotFound(request_data)
|
||||
client_socket.send(response_data.encode('utf-8'))
|
||||
client_socket.close()
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# 運行主程式
|
||||
main()
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
#### ESP32寫Arduino(WEB)
|
||||
```
|
||||
#include <Wire.h>
|
||||
#include <WiFi.h>
|
||||
#include <WebServer.h>
|
||||
#include <WiFiClient.h>
|
||||
#include <HTTPClient.h>
|
||||
|
||||
int out_1_pin = 26;
|
||||
int out_2_pin = 27;
|
||||
|
||||
const char *ssid = "leo"; // Put your SSID here
|
||||
const char *password = "00000000";
|
||||
unsigned long previousMillis =0;
|
||||
unsigned long interval = 30000;
|
||||
|
||||
WebServer server(80);
|
||||
|
||||
//WiFi連線
|
||||
void WifiConnecte() {
|
||||
//Set your Static IP address
|
||||
IPAddress local_IP(192, 168,1 , 185);
|
||||
// Set your Gateway IP address
|
||||
IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 1, 1);
|
||||
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0);
|
||||
|
||||
if (!WiFi.config(local_IP, gateway, subnet)) {
|
||||
Serial.println("STA Failed to configure");
|
||||
}
|
||||
//開始WiFi連線
|
||||
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
|
||||
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
|
||||
delay(500);
|
||||
Serial.print(".");
|
||||
}
|
||||
Serial.println("WiFi連線成功");
|
||||
Serial.print("IP Address:");
|
||||
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
void handleNotFound() {
|
||||
//digitalWrite(LED,LOW);//LED
|
||||
String message = "Server is running!\n\n";
|
||||
//server.send(200, "text/plain", message);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
//Web_chaek
|
||||
void web_check(void){
|
||||
WiFiClient client = server.client();
|
||||
String response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n";
|
||||
response += "Content-Type: multipart/x-mixed-replace; boundary=frame\r\n\r\n";
|
||||
server.sendContent(response);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void motor_run(){
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_1_pin, LOW); // 方向
|
||||
for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_2_pin, HIGH); // 将引脚设置为高电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_2_pin, LOW); // 将引脚设置为低电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
}
|
||||
WiFiClient client = server.client();
|
||||
server.send(200, "text/plain","run end");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void motor_36_run(){
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_1_pin, LOW); // 方向
|
||||
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_2_pin, HIGH); // 将引脚设置为高电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_2_pin, LOW); // 将引脚设置为低电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
}
|
||||
WiFiClient client = server.client();
|
||||
server.send(200, "text/plain","run end");
|
||||
}
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
// put your setup code here, to run once:
|
||||
pinMode(out_1_pin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(out_2_pin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
Serial.begin(115200);
|
||||
Serial.println("Hello!");
|
||||
WifiConnecte();
|
||||
server.on("/motor_run",HTTP_GET,motor_run);
|
||||
server.on("/motor_36_run",HTTP_GET,motor_36_run);
|
||||
server.on("/web_check",HTTP_GET,web_check);
|
||||
server.onNotFound(handleNotFound);
|
||||
server.begin();
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
|
||||
unsigned long currentMills = millis();
|
||||
if ((WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)&& (currentMills - previousMillis >= interval)) {
|
||||
Serial.print(millis());
|
||||
Serial.print("wifi正在連線中... ");
|
||||
WiFi.disconnect();//断开连接
|
||||
WiFi.reconnect();
|
||||
WifiConnecte();
|
||||
}
|
||||
server.handleClient();
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
#### ESP32(COM)
|
||||
```
|
||||
int out_1_pin = 26;
|
||||
int out_2_pin = 27;
|
||||
|
||||
bool LEDState = HIGH;
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
|
||||
Serial.begin(115200);
|
||||
pinMode(out_1_pin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(out_2_pin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
void motor_run(){
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_1_pin, LOW); // 方向
|
||||
for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_2_pin, HIGH); // 将引脚设置为高电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_2_pin, LOW); // 将引脚设置为低电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
void motor_36_run(){
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_1_pin, LOW); // 方向
|
||||
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_2_pin, HIGH); // 将引脚设置为高电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
digitalWrite(out_2_pin, LOW); // 将引脚设置为低电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
// the loop function runs over and over again forever
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
if (Serial.available() > 0) { // 检查是否有可用的串行数据
|
||||
char receivedData[64]; // 用于存储接收到的数据
|
||||
int dataSize = Serial.readBytesUntil('\n', receivedData, sizeof(receivedData)); // 读取串行数据直到遇到换行符为止
|
||||
receivedData[dataSize] = '\0'; // 添加字符串结束符
|
||||
Serial.print("Received: "); // 打印接收到的消息
|
||||
Serial.println(receivedData); // 打印接收到的数据
|
||||
if(strcmp(receivedData, "move_all") == 0) {
|
||||
motor_run();
|
||||
Serial.println("run_all"); // 打印接收到的数据
|
||||
}
|
||||
if(strcmp(receivedData, "move_36") == 0) {
|
||||
motor_36_run();
|
||||
Serial.println("run_36"); // 打印接收到的数据
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
delay(10);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Arduino(COM)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
bool LEDState = HIGH;
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
|
||||
Serial.begin(115200);
|
||||
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(12, OUTPUT);
|
||||
digitalWrite(12, HIGH);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
void motor_run(){
|
||||
digitalWrite(12, LOW); // 方向
|
||||
for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // 将引脚设置为高电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
digitalWrite(13, LOW); // 将引脚设置为低电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
void motor_36_run(){
|
||||
digitalWrite(12, LOW); // 方向
|
||||
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // 将引脚设置为高电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
digitalWrite(13, LOW); // 将引脚设置为低电平
|
||||
delay(10); // 等待10毫秒
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
// the loop function runs over and over again forever
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
if (Serial.available() > 0) { // 检查是否有可用的串行数据
|
||||
char receivedData[64]; // 用于存储接收到的数据
|
||||
int dataSize = Serial.readBytesUntil('\n', receivedData, sizeof(receivedData)); // 读取串行数据直到遇到换行符为止
|
||||
receivedData[dataSize] = '\0'; // 添加字符串结束符
|
||||
Serial.print("Received: "); // 打印接收到的消息
|
||||
Serial.println(receivedData); // 打印接收到的数据
|
||||
if(strcmp(receivedData, "move_all") == 0) {
|
||||
motor_run();
|
||||
Serial.println("run_all"); // 打印接收到的数据
|
||||
}
|
||||
if(strcmp(receivedData, "move_36") == 0) {
|
||||
motor_36_run();
|
||||
Serial.println("run_36"); // 打印接收到的数据
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
delay(10);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
### 影片如下
|
||||
http://140.125.21.65:8418/Education/MCU/raw/branch/master/PPT/%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%942.mp4
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user